Games definitely not art - Ebert
Critic snaps back.
Respected US movie critic and grumpy old man Roger Ebert has stuck by his guns, insisting that videogames are definitely not art and have "more in common with sports".
He was speaking following comments from author and writer-director Cliver Barker at the Hollywood & Games Summit. He'd described Ebert's view as a "prejudiced vision of what the medium is".
"The word 'prejudiced' often translates as 'disagrees with me'," retorted Ebert, columnist for the Chicago Sun-Times. "I might suggest that gamers have a prejudiced view of their medium, and particularly what it can be."
"Games may not be Shakespeare quite yet, but I have the prejudice that they never will be, and some gamers are prejudiced that they will." Yes, he's saying that it's all opinions so ner-ner.
For him, the emotional destination is picked by the artist, and being able to change that devalues it. We should all just be quiet and accept games for what they are, he reckons; as entertainment.
But that's not to say he doesn't enjoy things that aren't high-art, as he calls it. He loves a good crime book, for instance, and has probably read The Da Vinci Code.
"That said, let me confess I enjoy entertainments, but I think it important to know what they are," Ebert continued.
"Barker is right that we can debate art forever. I mentioned that a Campbell's soup could be art. I was imprecise. Actually, it is Andy Warhol's painting of the label that is art.
"Would Warhol have considered Clive Barker's videogame 'Undying' as art? Certainly. He would have kept it in its shrink-wrapped box, placed it inside a Plexiglas display case, mounted it on a pedestal, and labelled it 'Video Game'.
And Undying was pretty good, too, back on the PC in 2001.
It seems the pair will never see eye to eye.
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Comments (84) Latest comment 5 years ago
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"Games can never be art! Lalalalalalaa...I can't hear you..lalalalala!"
Someone make the man play Okami...
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What the...?
Is he claiming that the emotional impact art has on a person is determined purely by the creator? Surely art is, almost by definition, purely subjective?
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So.... games with only one ending could be art, Roger? FFVII, yes; Deus Ex, no. Gotcha.
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But then again, they are very high-brow and pretentious, which seems to be the main qualification he's looking for.
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Okami, ICO, Rez etc. all expected to give evidence, defence's leaked notes suggest following lines of argument
Rez uses stylised wireframe graphics therefore IS ART
Okami is cel shaded and you use a paintbrush and IS ART
ICO has haunting music and when i hear the gulls and see the horizon I feel sad and i cry so IT MUST BE ART
FFS people
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Art involves an artist conveying a message to the audience. How they receive the message will be subjective and change from person to person. Games and other interactive media allow the user/player to fundamentally change (to varying degrees) the message that is being put across which then warps the artist's original message.
This doesnt mean games are less valuable media or that they should be looked down on, just that they dont fit into the definition of 'art'. That said, the craft, storytelling and design of games can be exceptional and not calling it art doesnt make it any less important.
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Oh and most games do have one path (and people bitch it's to linear then). So what's his point, did he only play GTA?
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/discussion
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Art schmart. Wether I'm bombing round a track in a kart throwing turtle shells at a giant kart driving plant, or raging through athens on my way to battle Ares, or climbing a gaint monstrosity trying to find his weak point, quite frankly I don't give a damn if it's art or not. All I care about is how much I'm enjoying it. How exciting or fun or thrilling it is.
So could all these snobs do me a favour and fuck off and let me enjoy my games? Many thanks.
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'moist games'
hmm, moist...
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By that definition, games ARE art. However, I still don't really care.
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I changed it for you. Didn't want you to get all excited now
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Art is a (product of) human activity, made with the intention of stimulating the human senses as well as the human mind and/or spirit; thus art is an action, an object, or a collection of actions and objects created with the intention of transmitting emotions and/or ideas. Beyond this description, there is no general agreed-upon definition of art, since defining the boundaries of "art" is subjective, but the impetus for art is often called human creativity.
...
Something is not generally considered "art" when it stimulates only the senses, or only the mind, or when it has a different primary purpose than doing so. However, some contemporary art challenges this idea.
So I would say game like Okami, ICO, Bioshock, Deus Ex etc. are art where as FIFA, Bomberman, Unreal Tournement are sports.
Where Sonic, Mario, Doom 3 etc fall in is a little harder to debate.
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This has no bearing on the games themselves, but I suppose it has some bearing on how the industry could be viewed from the outside.
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Donnie Darko - or even Transformers - can be considered art IMO. Where as 50 First Dates or Kevin and Perry Go Large are most definitely NOT art.
Same with games. FIFA is not art. Okami, Shadow of the Colossus, Flow, Echochrome, they are ART.
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+1
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In reference to me saying he should play Okami?
I'm not a capcom fanboy or anything, and I'm not crying boo-hoo about anything...
As the first poster said "art is to whoever views it"...
If it evokes emotions for you you can call it art...
Therefor art can be just about anything..
I don't like the fact that a lot of people still want art to be some elitist group...The dada movement showed what art was all about...It was about jack shit in the end...It's all subjective...So a statement like "videogames can never be art" is just thoroughly wrong..."Videogames can never be art to me" is acceptable...
It just takes an IMO to be sensible...
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Yes, its linier, but so are books and movies.
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The concept of only strictly linear or fixed art as promoting emotion is bizarre; even if games haven't truly managed it yet (I think), what is a better way to inspire emotion than by reacting to the actions of the 'viewer' (I'm pretty sure you could do a game to match Picassos Guernica quite easily, and I'm quite dissapointed ones never been attempted)? And that's if you fall into his definition of art, which (as was pointed out) isn't even the sole one.
Plus I'd wager he's entirely ignoring non-commercial games like mod or student projects; which is bizarre, as doing so is pretty much equivalent to defining the artistic value of film through Jerry Bruckheimer and ignoring entirely the 'arthouse' scenes prevalent in any sort of media open to public use.
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to cheer the miserable so and so up
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/devil's advocate
EDIT: I forgot (d) gives short shrift to the idea of having fun
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And he's wrong about the idea that giving the player choice and interactivity somehow breaks down the whole concept of what art is about. The way you play the game and how you interact with the game-world has been specifically chosen and meticulously designed, down to every single enemy placement and bump-mapped wall, by the game developer.
And those who say it's not important how games are interpreted, whether as art or otherwise need to remember that the whole games industry is built upon hard work from people who devote themselves to making games with every bit of seriousness and dedication as any film-maker, painter or writer.
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At the end of the day, it comes down to ones opinion.
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Hmm, he REALLY wouldn't get on with Post-Modernist literary criticism. (Neither did I for that matter).
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What's annoying is when someone says that not only are games not art, but they will never be art. To say that a creative field that utilises writers, artists, musicians and actors is incapable of ever producing a work art is maddeningly shortsighted.
But then, whenever I've encountered this argument it's always come from hardcore cinemaphiles with a very limited understanding of the gaming medium.
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That would mean that the developer has no control over what the game does to the "message", which isn't true at all. In some cases, what the game allows you to do to the perceived message is an integral part of delivering it (e.g. Shadow of the Colossus, Knights of the Old Republic). This is something that traditional art is incapable of, and I don't think Ebert will ever grasp this concept.
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But to the issue:
I would generally side with Ebert as almost all computer games I have played are more interested in entertaining the user, rather than transmitting emotions or ideas - wich is the essence of art. That is how simple it is. Of course, the whole mess gets complicated when trying to decide of what quality the emotions / ideas have to be to qualify for art. Laughter and humour are often disqualified (hence the reluctance to award Oscars to comedies), the same is true with lust (porn or art?) and also being generally entertained with a combo of violence, suspense and problem solving (as with most computer games).
It is important here also to remember that Ebert will not call most hollywood-movies art. There is of course art inside a movie or a game, but mostly it is smaller than what we can call "the sum of entertainment." If the sum of entertainment is larger than the sum of art, then it is not art. I just made this up, but it sounds good.
Therefore some aspects of a game can certainly be called art (such as artwork, animation, music etc.) but as a whole, it usually falls apart when gameplay is introduced. I'm trying really hard to make myself believe that the art/sound and arty presentation in Rez were more important elements than trying to stay alive and having fun shooting stuff, but I cannot do that.
Some games are probably art, i just haven't played them or recognized them as games. Ico comes close though. It is a tremendous emotional experience. However, the entertainment aspect of the game is still it's major function.
Edit: Deleted wiki's art definition that I see is already quoted 20 times or so.
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Abstract games like Vib Ribbon are much more likely to fit in with modern art thinking. If someone created a wireframe rabbit that reacted to sound, devolving down the evolutionary ladder with each stumble, and put it on a plasma screen in the Tate Modern, people would fall over themselves to deconstruct its meaning. Do the same with a joypad and it's apparently just mindless entertainment.
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GAMES FOR TEH WIN!!1!!1
Or something like that.
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No, they arent art. They are games. U dont call movies and cartoons art too just because they are entertaining and "visually in their own class"
But most importantly, who gives a s*it? I can live with the fact that im playing "just" games, not games of art..
Actually I prefer that way.
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I'm one of those who rolled out Okami...
Again I restate that I understand the definition of art as being completely subjective...
If someone sees something as art, then it is, end of story...
Art is way too similar to opinion, and can therefor not be cemented so to speak...There is no wrong vision here...
But as you say, who cares, let's play games damnit...
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I would put games more into the sort of world of things like design, architecture, etc - where the item has a purpose beyond looking good.
Appreciating the aesthetics *and* the engineering wins for me every time.
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Games actually TRANSCEND art, they are a notch or two above. Art is mostly a passive "admire me" concept, games are visceral, interactive, and ultimately more useful/creative medium (if done right). When the concept of 'Art' was first used, no-one could ever have imagined the things that video games could do.
Games have artful moments but while they are mass produced in identical copies they won't get the approval of the snobs - they are not unique, they are consumer goods.
Where music differs (while stil being mass produced) is that listeners get different things from the same song, most games generally present stuff on a plate to you in a direct fashion (linear progression, dull stories). Certain games try to be unique to each user but it's never going to be proper 'art' by the established standards. And that's a good thing, if you want your video games to be only useful to stick on a wall and look at once a month while cooing and billing with some highbrow friends then good for you, i'll be playing them, bollock deep in the immersion and generally having a good time.
btw: "Cliver Barker" ? (first mention of him remove the 'r')
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I can understand that it is hard for him to understand that the creator can keep artistic control without absolute control over the outcome of the game but this approach has been common in modern art for a while. Maybe he should also watch Rashomon again to help him out.
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An artist painting a portrait or sculpting something can try to convey a message and/or emotion to the viewer. whether he suceeds or not is down to the viewers perceptions. However, the piece will present the same image/sound/whatever to each viewer to interpret.
With a game, the creators again can try to put a message across but this message is inherently distorted by the actions of the player. Even very linear story driven games will change as an epic battle against a boss character might prove easy and short for one player and be robbed of it's impact, whilst another player might spend ages battling the boss and find the moment when he defeats it immensely satisfying.
I see it as akin to the idea that no scientific study is truly free from bias as the very fact of studying something changes it's nature in some way.
I dont see that there is any need for games to strive to be considered 'art' in order to be validated though. Games are what they are, and made with just as much creativity and flair as any other media and shouldnt be ashamed for not being classed as 'art'
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Seriously, fuck off you cunting fuckhead.
Wanker
/bollocks
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I think he's short-sighted to say never, but it's easy to see where he may get that mis-conception. I think it's good that people care about this - I like to think that at the end of the day there's more to games than just pixels and sounds.
Edit: Replaced bit that got stripped out
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Boring.
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And, no, Art is not a matter of opinion, it's a matter of Truth.
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Of course his arguement probably does not recognise that games like this exist. So, erm... he's just uninformed.
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I believe thei nteractivity robs them of truly being 'art' but that doesnt make games an inferior or low-brow medium as many people here have pointed out great examples from the gaming world, ICO, okami etc etc. They arent truly art but they are still thought provoking, emotional pieces of media and not being 'art' doesnt make them worth any less.
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* Refers to all games as 'products'. Every developer refers to their games as 'products' or 'units'. When was the last time you heard a director describe their film as a 'product'. Or come to think of it a novellist or a musician describing their works as 'products'?
* Releasing a majority of their 'product' only during 'Q4' because that's when little Johnny wants a Christmas present.
* Praises high sale through 'products' regardless of quality.
There are many other examples but those are the worst. One of the things that really annoyed me during E3 this year was how developers kept on citing their prior sales record on their current 'franchise' and were looking forward to seeing massive 'unit' sales of their forthcoming 'product' in the forth quarter of this year....
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGH!!! It's repulsive! What are they thinking? Are they making shoes or games? These are people that have slaved over their 'product' for God knows how long and they talk about it as if its a some kind of new plant pot they are making. Makes me want to cry it really does.
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Some of the more impressive/popular realtime computer demos of the moment are delivered by Farbrausch as "produkkts" and are systematically titled fr-xxx with xxx some number. It doesn't make them any less impressive to watch.
Have a look-see at http://www.f arbrausch.de/productions.php
Fr-08, fr-019, fr-025 and fr-041 are highly recommended.
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Art, as far as i'm, and most dictionaries are concerned, is not defined by Eberts narrow view. His main argument seems to be that because there is some element of the experience that is out of the 'artists' control, its not art. Somebody should probably tell him that you still cant alter the story, dialogue or events of the vast majority of games, so its really still in the hands of the artist what occurs.
So Ebert, if Gondry or some other new film maker made a film and at a point in the movie you could decide something that meant the film went in 1 of 2 possible directions, would that stop it being art ? What if Gondry was attempting to make a prescient socio-political point by giving viewers the choice, then would it be art again ? The entire definition ebert is working from is completely flawed. Oh and there is a difference between saying "This will never happen just because I think so" and "I believe this could happen, and here's the evidence".
So to summarise
Cock.
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I can't seem to find any information indicating the former. But a lot of people here seem to be hung up on that and immediately using that as some form of counter-argument.
Does anyone actually know?
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This blog is now art!!!(.|.)
This blog is now art!!! ).(
This blog is now art!!!( v )
This blog is now art!!! \|/
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and as far as I see it, Plays are art, ergo Films can be art, ergo Video Games can be art.
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Why do we even care about this bollocks anyway? Its not like Sport at all though, unless he's saying its another thing that a heck of alot of people get passionate about but still isnt art(probably secretly thinking "common people who arent as smart as us and dont know how to appreciate the finer things muahahah"
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So using predominantly Photoshop and a 3D package to create worlds isn't art?
Silly old git needs to research before spouting.
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Also, do performers at audience-participatory stuff like improvised theatre sport think of their work as art? Would Ebert go and criticise them? Why not?
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But seriously, Ebert comes off as a petulant child in this article. It's painfully obvious he hasn't even played enough games to have a considered opinion about them. So why does he care so much? It's like he wants art to stay dry and dull and inaccessible. Art can be fun!
And, yes, I have become more complex, thoughtful, insightful, witty, empathetic, intelligent, and philosophical through playing games.
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Now imagine it's a game adaptation.
Yes, far fetched I realise, but where does that possibility leave Ebert then?
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He's basing his view on AmericaniZed trash.
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I don't see how these count as art. They are visually excellent games. The latter two are more sophisticated in their storytelling mechanisms than most of the videogames out there, but compared to other arts, they're long way from being "high art" (which is what Ebert was referring to anyway, when he said games are not art).
Fahrenheit, Rez, Every Extend Extra...
Again, Rez and EEE are visually enticing, but especially the latter is still a simple variation of the old point racking videogame. Rez may have more going for it, since it's more about the journey itself, not just getting the highscore. Hard to call it high art, still.
And Fahrenheit is just a more thoughtful videogame with better narrative devices. It's not art, it's just good entertainment.
When you think of art, especially with games with a story, try to think how it would work if it was moved to an another medium. Would it stand against the pieces that are regarded as art or would it be more like your average entertainment experience? Compare the narrative methods, dialogue and other methods of the game to another medium. Are they as rich, mature and thought provoking?
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The debate on what is art and what is not has been going on since ancient times. I have even written an essay about the function(s) of art for my course in English literature at university. Truth be told no one has ever reached a consensus on what we should call art and what art should do (to us).
Most scholars agree, however, that art is something that ha "some" kind of emotional effect on the person that comes into contact with it... In this vague and broad definition video games are most definitely art... My point of view, though, is that everyone should decide for him/herself if something he sees, hears, feels etc. is art or not - I don't care what Ebert says, since he's not me and art, like beauty, lies in the eye of the beholder.
P.S. So yes, for me some games are art - some aren't - just like some films are and some aren't etc. I would go so far as to say that I don't regard some "pieces of art" (sculptures, paintings) as art - it's all subjective.
P.P.S. For those of you who have quoted some kind of "definiton" of art - like I said before there is no single definition of art that everybody would agree upon. And no, art does NOT always involve the artist conveying some kind of message - conveying a message is a form of expression and a piece of art could have been made to make an impression on the viewer - totally unrelated to the artist's line of thinking when he was actually making that particular piece of art. Or it could have been made "for art's sake", which is very Oscar-Wildish. =)
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We've been through this before in the comments section in some older news thread about games being art or not. I still think it's inevitable that humans want to draw lines, no matter if they're in the water.
We can argue that everything is art or that it could not, we can argue that everything is entertainment or that it is not, and it all comes down to how one perceives things. If you believe that everything is art, well, who am I to say you're wrong. Go ahead, believe what you want. It's a free world.
On a personal level, I draw a line between art and entertainment. I like to put things in compartments, I like genres. It's easier to discuss issues this way. It can get ridiculous at times, especially when you get to a point when you have a subgenre of a subgenre. Nevertheless, I think even more ridiculous is just throwing your hands in the air and saying that everything is everything.
In a way it's already a paradox that we discuss these things on a videogames site, which reviews games. That is, they're given a subjective viewing and rating. If you agree with criticism and reviewing in general, you undoubtedly should agree with some kind of idea of what is good and bad, art and entertainment and so forth.
PS. Why do you think that art always has to be rich, mature and provoking?
No, but I certainly think that if it is the other way around, it's usually anything else but art. But then again it's all a question of context. As Ebert put it, Warhol made something art by presenting it as such. So I guess you could make Mario games art by projecting them in an art exhibition. In that case the installation there could be regarded as art from a subjective standpoint, but the game itself would remain what it is. In a similar way, Campbell's soup can remains what it is when you see it in a shop. Also you have to remember that Warhol did play with the whole concept of art, what with being one of the artists riding the post-modern wave et al.
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*Gets a peice of card and writes "ART" in big letters, placing it above the TV and boots up a game*
Solved?
Seriously though someone should start sitting in art galleries with a console(except the PS3 because it has no games) and HDTV playing games as people walk by - saying "hmmmm".
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I think that would make a statement about the sad world we live in. I don't see why that couldn't be art.